For years there has been something sadly lacking in the climbing world. Something necessary to help describe the total mountaineering experience in those areas blessed with challenging peaks surrounded by primeval forest. That something is a brush and bushwhack rating system. After years of the hand-to-limb combat encountered in below-timberline approaches, one comes to realize that this part of an ascent can be half or more of the battle. (Notice the use of fighting terms.)

And yet, just how does one accurately relate this important facet of a climb in words? "It was ugly, real ugly," "Brutal," "A freaking flail," "Oh, not too bad, but I did lose a pint of blood." Well, these are pretty good subjective descriptions, but what's missing here is something more definitive. What we need is a way to portray in a more precise manner those endearing struggles with the brush.

Therefore I propose the Cascade Brush and Bushwhack Rating System. This system is so named because most of my experience in the past ten years of climbing has been in the Washington Cascades. It's perfectly applicable, though, to other ranges of a similar nature, e.g. the Olympics, Northern Selkirks, British Columbia Coast Range, Alaska Range or any mountain group where below-timberline approaches necessitate brush-beating and bushwhacking. This system rates both difficulty and grade much like the technical climbing ratings in use today.

Before defining system nomenclature here are a few guidelines for describing your favorite flail:

1.	Conditions described must be when the approach is snow-free, since snowpack greatly affects most bushwhacks, reducing their difficulty considerably.
2.	More demanding terrain, e.g. cliffy or steep, will increase a bushwhack's difficulty and grade as compared to one with the same vegetation on level ground.
3.	Both the density and the type of brush are important factors. I'll take an open area of mature devil's club over a dense stand of slide alder any day.
4.	Grade is determined by both time and distance involved in completing the approach, as well as the duration of the difficulties.
5.	Since creek and river crossings play an important part of many approaches, a special sub-rating has been devised for these.
6.	When a mechanical device such as a machete is used the bushwhack is no longer "free," and an aid sub-rating must be used.

Difficulty Ratings

These apply to the "free" difficulties (no aid used) and range from BW1 to BW5, where BW stands for "bushwhack." Difficulty ratings apply to those areas of worst brush that can't be avoided.

BW1	Light brush. Travel mostly unimpeded, only occasional use of hands required (e.g. mature open forest).
BW2	Moderate brush. Occasional heavy patches. Pace slowed, frequent use of hands required.
BW3	Heavy brush. Hands needed constantly. Some loss of blood may occur due to scratches and cuts. Travel noticably hindered. Use of four-letter words at times.
BW4	Severe brush. Pace less than one mile per hour. Leather gloves and heavy clothing required to avoid loss of blood. Much profanity and mental anguish. Thick stands of brush requiring circumnavigation are encountered.
BW5	Extreme brush. Multiple hours needed to travel one mile. Full body armor desirable. Wounds to extremities likely, eye protection needed. Footing difficult due to lack of visibility. Loss of temper inevitable.

Aid Ratings

When artificial means are used to penetrate brush, then an aid rating should be used to describe the device required. These ratings range from BA1 to BA5, where BA stands for "brush aid":

BA1	Machete or sickle
BA2	Gas-powered weed-eater
BA3	Chainsaw
BA4	Agent orange
BA5	Bulldozer

Creek and River Ratings

These ratings are used to describe the difficulty in crossing watercourses. The range is WA1 to WA5, where WA stands for "water":

WA1	A dry crossing is possible by using rocks or logs.
WA2	Possible wet crossing, but a dry crossing can be accomplished with some finesse.
WA3	Wet crossing, ankle- to calf-deep.
WA4	Wet crossing, calf- to knee-deep.
WA5	Wet crossing, greater than knee-deep, possibility of getting swept downstream.

Grades

Grades range from I to VI and follow the same general guidelines as climbing grades:

I	Brush beating can be done in a few hours or less.
II	Generally will take less than half a day.
III	Could take most of a day, but hardened parties will be able to complete in a short day.
IV	Will take a long day and involve continuous battle.
V	A 1+ to 2-day bushwhack, difficulty rarely less than BW4, large quantities of bandaids and wound dressings will be needed unless properly attired.
VI	The most extreme of bushwhacks, requiring over 2 days to complete with probably a BW5 encountered along the way.

Following are some examples of rated bushwhacks:

Picket Range, Goodell Creek approach -- Grade III - IV, BW4

Mt. Shuksan, White Salmon approach -- Grade I - II, BW4-

Mt. Spickard, Silver Creek approach -- Grade V, BW4+

Mt. Blum, Blum Lakes approach -- Grade III, BW3+, WA5

Devils Peak, Coal Creek approach -- Grade I, BW2

Monashees, Thor Creek approach -- Grade VI, BW4, BA1

Chimney Rock, standard approach -- Grade II, BW2

And there you have it. No longer must one try to decipher the deranged mutterings of a victim of jungle warfare. A person needs only to apply the appropriate brush ratings to relate his brutal experience to others. And who knows? With advances in bush technology and the competitive nature of climbers, we'll probably see difficulties pushed to BW6 and beyond. And there just HAVE to be some Grade VII's out there!